Painting works substrate preparation and putty application: moisture-content bands, ambient temperature/humidity, putty passes and thickness, water-resistant putty (GB 50210-2018 / T/CBDA 22-2018 / JG/T 298)

Topic Positioning

A compilation of technical requirements for substrate preparation and putty work in painting (incl. emulsion paint): moisture-content bands, ambient conditions, putty application parameters, and water-resistant putty and leveling-coat acceptance — for work briefings, quality acceptance, and checking specifications. Process flow and whether full putty is mandatory are covered by the companion card.

Core Conclusions

1. Substrate moisture (GB 50210-2018, 12.1.5): concrete/plaster substrates <= 8% with solvent-type putty or solvent-type paint; <= 10% with emulsion-type putty or paint; wood substrates <= 12%. Commentary: quality is better with moisture below 10% for emulsion paints; domestic and foreign product standards require about 10%.
2. Environment and preparation (T/CBDA 22-2018, 4.0.1): site temperature preferably 5-35C, humidity < 85%; substrate moisture <= 10% and per GB 50210; check labels and mix per manufacturer ratios before use; for uniform color in one space, use one batch of paint.
3. Putty application (T/CBDA 22-2018, 5.0.5): mix and stir per manufacturer requirements; per-pass thickness < 2mm; preferably >= 2 passes; each pass fully dry before the next; the second pass perpendicular to the first; full skim after filling surface gaps; fill pinholes and shrinkage cracks densely, flat, with neat edges; sand flat after drying and clean.
4. Leveling coat and materials (GB 50210-2018, 12.1.5; T/CBDA 22-2018, 4.0.1): leveling coats flat, sound, firm, without powdering, peeling, or cracks; interior leveling-coat bond strength per JG/T 298 "Putty for interior"; kitchens and bathrooms use water-resistant putty.
5. Sealing primer and interface agent (GB 50210-2018, 12.1.5): new concrete/plaster substrates receive alkali-resistant sealing primer before putty or painting; existing walls have loose old finishes removed and an interface agent applied.
6. Local comparison (DB11/T 1832.10-2022, 7.3.4): substrates firm, clean (no dust, laitance, oil, rust, mold, efflorescence), flat, plumb, square at corners, "flat but not glossy", tolerances per GB 50210; new concrete/mortar substrates get alkali-resistant primer after leveling, ensuring pH <= 10 and no efflorescence; by experience, plaster cures 14-21d and concrete 21-28d to reach moisture limits; moisture by surface meter or plastic-sheet method, pH by test paper/pen via wet cotton; substrates accepted by supervision and the civil contractor before painting.

Applicable Boundaries

• Applies to interior painting (emulsion etc.) substrate preparation, putty work, and acceptance.
• Moisture bands depend on the material system (solvent vs emulsion) — confirm putty/paint type first; wood substrates at 12%.
• Per-pass < 2mm, >= 2 passes, dry between passes, and perpendicular directions are craft requirements; passes and water resistance per design and product data.
• DB11/T 1832.10-2022 is local (pH <= 10, curing times, test methods are Beijing calibers); elsewhere follow local rules and design.

Further Reading

• GB 50210-2018, 12.1.5 and commentary.
• T/CBDA 22-2018, 4.0.1, 5.0.5.
• JG/T 298 "Putty for interior" (bond strength basis).
• DB11/T 1832.10-2022, 7.3.4.
• GB 50327-2001, 13.3.1 (substrate treatments).